Sir John Monash, Personal Files Book 12, 2 May - 31 May 1916, Part 4

Conflict:
First World War, 1914–18
Subject:
  • Documents and letters
Status:
Open to contributions
Accession number:
RCDIG0000612
Difficulty:
3

Page 1 / 10

Conferenae it C.O. 1675/16 Slackneng disciptine Tuse after Lights out Capty day do bepore Reveille Bugle call in Camp Bugle practices Prnatuality of parties – often too early Hot weather - parader in heat - Yed advice 16th BB - With drawal of Lignalle?
1815 COrAO SIUN I am of opinion that I should withhold confirmation of the finding and sentence in this case; but before giving effect to this opinion I refer the case for the favour of a ruling by the D.J.A.G. The Field General Court Martial having found the accused not guilty on the secend (alternative) charge, of perjury it is unnscesse ary to deal with same at any length. But in my opinion there was nothins in the summary of evidence against Sergeant Forde to justify the laying of such a charge. Perjury censists in awearing to that which is known or believed to be untrue. Fer a man to swear I am not in a position to say if he was drunk or not amounts merely to a pafusal to swear on a matter of opinion or balief. As to the first charge, it is admitted and proved that the words charged were used by the accused, but there is nothing to shew that the use of the words was to the prejudice of good order and discipline. On the contrary, two other N.C.O's entertained the same belief as the accused, and it subsequently appeared that Capt. Woollard A.A.M.C. had no donbt in his own mind that he (Cpl. Cooper was very drunk. It cannot be to the prejudice of good order and discipline for an N.C.0 to make a statement involving an expression of belief which appears to have been well founded and nhared by others. On the whole merits, it is unfortunate that there should have been a breakdown of the ease against Cpl. Cooper, but this is not the fault of the accused Bergt. Ferde. In his defence he is perfect ly frank as to the reasons which actuated him in declining to repeat on eath what he had previously stated; and those reasons diselose no vestige of mala fides. But even if he could be held to have committed an ofience in refusing to repeat on eath his former state- ment, this is an effence with which he was not charged. BRIG-GENL. For G.O.C. 4th. Aust. Division.
Scrapeum 16/5/16. If the Argus would like to make use of the subjoined there can be no possible objection from the Cnsorship point of view. Shntonast The point of interest in the attached report, his P.S. only in this that our Australian public have very little opportunity afforded to them of getting at first hand any knowledge of the very great work which has been going on in the formation and trancing of her prent Arry of Lou Divisions - made it by the breaking up oud of the Veteran Brigades, & distributing them among the new farnations. Mn Tr Sout Fuvrnn Upon the formation of the Foroth Austrahan Division the Commander Major Leneral Six H.V. Cose called together all the officer of the Division, and delivered an Address as an introduction to the Has Fraining of the Division. - At the conclusion of his remarks he called upon Brigadie General Monash, Commandr of the Foroth Brigade, as the Senior Austoalian Officer of the Division, to also address the pathering.
general Monast said: The General has asked me to add some remarks, and I feel sure that he would desire that, in deing se, I should apply myself to one or two themes ether than these touched ppon by him in the convine- ins and stimulating address to which we have listened. And this 1 shall endeavour to de. in the first place, why de we, on this, as on previous occasions, direct our appeal specially to and at the Platoon Commandery 1t is net because the principles of command and leadership which have been enunciated to you de not apply equally well to all officers, senier It is because the Plateen Commander to the man whe and junior. olands in the mest intimate centact with, and in the most direct relationshipsn, to, the personnel. It is because it ts through him, and by his agency, and by nene other, that we can reach the man in the ranks, and can achieve the highest fighting officiency. It is because the Platoen is, for all purposes, the unit for whose perfect- ion we strive. Because, a perfect Platoon means a perfect Battalien and Brigade and Division; and the efficiency of an Argy Cerps is to be measured by that of its Plateons. The Plateon is the compact unit of some fifty men cemmitted to the sele care of a single officer and that officer must look to 1t that, in all things, he fails in no respect in his respensibility to and for these fifty men. And in making this appeal to Plateon Commanders, for the exercise of their highest powers and for the practice of their greatest self- devotion, 1 de so with the conseicusness that it is very necessary to remind curselves, semetines, how great, how reopensible, is the Remeved as we are from the cantren duty which is laid upon us all. of things, living as we are, so to say, on the fringe of the Empires activities, in an atmesphere of menetenous war training in this decert, and without the hourly stimulue of great and stirring happen- ings among us, many of us are inclined to lese our perspective, and to forget exactly where we stand. We de not continually realise that we are a part of an Empire at War, and all that that meansy that we shall not achieve success unless we deserve success, and that we shall not deserve to succeed unlees we prove curselves better men, and shew that in all things -in training -in efficiency -in military opirit owe are more capable than our enemies. The eall is upon every one of us to put forth every ounce of effert, every fraction of these powers and abilities with which the whole of our past work, our education, our training and all the experiences of our lives have endownged us. We have to realise that wee are bound, in hener, to apply to the werk now in our hands nething leas than the atmest powers of performance and selfesacrifice of which we are capable. And as an Australian, 1 make a very special appeal to Australian officers. De we appreciate, fully, the enermeus offerts and sacrifi- ces which the Australian Nation has made and is making in erder to put her armies into the field - offorts and sacrifices which will impose burdens upon her population for generations to comey We are co far, and have been for so long, remeved from our home envirenments that unless we think about it, and think hard, we shall ferget it. And in fergetting it, we shall forget also that Anetralis has cemmitt ed the achievement of the great purpose for which these sacrifiees have been made, into the keeping of a small handful of men, a few hundred officers, through and by whem along her great offert can be translated into success. Let us, the officers to whom I refer, see to 1t that, in doing anything leas than our very beat, we de not prove false to this great trust. 1 should like to refer but from a different point of viev, to ene of the foremost duties of an officer to which allusion has been made in the General’s address, namely the enforcement of erders, and the insistence upon striet compliance with all instructions. In my daily
inspections of the training in my own Brisade, one of the greatest failings in officers that I centinually observe is their neglect to cerrect mastakes, premptly, offectively and on the spet. This is impertant not so much to ensure the deing of the cerrect thing, but far mere to prevent the deing of the wreng thing, and to prevent, by the deing of 1t unchecked, the formation of bad and incerrect habits of drill and behaviour. When men are trainingmo learnins, Af errers are allewed to pase uncerrected, we are simply making our task ever so much harder, and stering up trouble for curselves, for every time a man dees a thing the yreng way he is forming a habit deins it the wrong way; and before we can even begin to teach him the right way, we shall have to commence by cradicating the bad habit which we have curselved allowed him to form. It is the same whether 1t be a matter of drill, of handling a veapon or an instrument, or of behaviour in camp or in the field. Training consists largely in the patient, enersetie, and therough elemination of all that is wrong. As a concluding theme for these remarks, I wish to say a ward opecially to the younger officers, many of whem have enly recently m been promoted from the ranks. 14 is on an aspect of discipline which cencerns officers in a special degree. I refer to leyalty to one's superiors, ene’s Company and Battalion Commanders, and to hisher authority generally. It is easy to be leyal to a man, when you agree mmtn with him. Anybecy can yield that kind of loyalty. But it fs not se easy to render leyal service to a man when you think he's wrong. Nevertheless, let me tell you, that the latter is the only kind of leyalty that is worth a hang the enly kind that counts in the strese of war. Remember always that it 1s the senjor who has to shoulder all the respensibility, and the very least you can do is to render him cheerful, willing and loyal obedience and therough support in all things and on all occasions, ne matter what you may think yourself. It is a hish ideal, I knew, but not toa hish, if ve intend to make goed!
Key 1675/16 THE DUTIES OF AN OFFIGER. AN ADDRESS IN THE FIELD. The following notes formed the foundation of an address which was lately delivered by a Senior Officer to a School for young Officers? somewhere in France? I hope you feel that you have picked up much that will be useful to you in your responsible position as officers ... General — has asked me to say something to you on the moral side of the daties of an officer.... In laying before you some remarks on such a subject, I would begin by impressing on you the great importance of your work. You must realize that, however good and skilful the disposition may be, battles must be won by fighting; the heroism, skill, and firmness of the most junior officers will have the most far-reaching results. You are responsible for the saccessful leading of your men in battle; you are responsible for their safety, as far as this can be ensured, while gaining success in battle; you are responsible for their health, for their comfort, for their good behaviour and discrpline. Finally, and not least, you are responsible for maintaining the honour of England, for doing all you can to ensure the security of England, and of our women and our children after us. To bear all these responsibilities successfully you must acquire, first, KNOWLEDGE. You must know what to do and how to do it, in order to lead your men with success and honour, and protect them from destruction or loss, which will be suffered if you are ignorant of your work and of your profession. Secondly . vou must acquire CHARACTER—that is, resolution, self-confidence, self-sacrifice—in order to inspire your men by your example, sustain their courage in danger by your example, and their endurance in hardship by Your example. Now as regards the first —KNOWLEDGE—remember two things. (1) Knowledge is not a Heaven- sent gift; it is the outcome of study, hard work, and thought. (2) I is an absolute necessity to you as an oficer. I is the foundation of your own character, for without it you cannot gain self-confidence. You must know your job. If you do not you can have no confidence in yourself, and the men can, and will, have no confidence in you either. Knowledge is therefore the first great essential for your capacity to command your men... The men must have confidence in their officer. They must feel not only that he knows his job, but also that he will set the example of courage, self-sacrifice, and cheerfalness, and that he will look after their welfare and comfort II was to help you to this that these tactical schools have been started. The character of the officer Now as regards the second requirement of an officer—CHARACTER. is the foundation of the discipline of his men. Men can only be commanded successfully by men. No troops ever possessed a discipline that was worth a damn—that could stand the great disintegrating strain of battle —who were commanded by weak, slow, irresoluteOld Women? (Old Women are not confined to persons who wear petticoats; nor to persons over 70 years of age. I have mett Old Women in trousers, and of any age between 20 and 50. ... DON T be an Old Woman whatever else you may be. DISCIPLINE.—The creation of Discipline and the maintenance of Discipline are among your most important dulies. Your orders, and the orders given by your N.C.O's., must always be obeyed without hesitation, with energy and with cheerfulness. Never pass any lapse from daty, however trivial, without taking notice of it. Drop hard on to slackness, disobedience, slovenliness. Never stand any rot or nonsense. Insist on great cleanliness, on great alertness, quickness, and cheerfulness. I don't want you to go away, however, with the idea that the men must be treated like dogs—very far from it. You don't want to carse or damn every time you notice things wrong. Sometimes a word of encourage- rent, or a palient listening to an explanation, or a smile when pointing out the fault will go a long way. Remember that, though we are officers and the men are privates, still we are all comrades in the great dangers and the great struggle; make the men feel that you realize this comradeship and love it. But you cannot be too particular in insisting on a smart, alert, cheerful appearance, and on the prompt and willing accordance of all honours and salates. It is only that Company or that Battalion which shows attention to all this which really does possess discipline. Without discipline, no body of men will stand an hour of real danger.. These matters of appearance and respect to officers are not eve-wash. They are the outward and visible sign of the inward and spiritual grace, as the parson says! THE OFFICERS' LOOKING- GLASS.—The Company or the Battalion is the best looking-glass of its officers. in the Company and the Bittalion you see the image of the officers—you see yourselves. When you note a Company on the march—slack-looking, miserable, dirty, slow, and almost salky in coming to attention, with half a dozen stragglers creeping on behind, an the officers and N.C.O's. taking no notice —you can tell at once that these are bad officers, and that no discipline and no energy exist there. On the contrary, when you see a Company marching well closed-up -men with heads erect (even though covered with mad of trenches), and quick and energetic in the movements as they come to the salate—these show good officers and a well- When you take your men into action, either in ordinary trench warfare or in disciplined Company. a big attack, all this discipline will repay you and your men themselves a thousandfold. Keep up your own energy and that of your men, and maintain the offensive spirit most carefully. To do this, don't overlook the fact that one of your chief daties is to be always thinking. You have got brains; You must always be thinking. How don't forget to use them. That is what you are an officer for.. can you make the trench (or your position wherever it is) more secure, or more comfortable for the men? Or how can you attack the enemy? Or inflict some blow or loss on him? As soon as the thought has entered your head, put it into execution; issue the necessary orders and see them energetically carried out. Thas you will keep up the spirit of Energy and of the Offensive which are of such immense importance.. All energy is born of thought; therefore remember that to think is one of your great daties. Try and carry out these principles, and put the knowledge you have acquired herg into execution when you return to your Battalion. Do not overlook the fact that—though you must possess (and show that you possess) decision and resolution in order to instil discipline into your men—merely to insist on obedience, smartness, and compliance with all orders is not sufficient. Do not forget that the men are your comrades; and do not overlook the fact that the British soldier has a greatsoul, and can and does appreciate what courage, Talk to your men often on these great qualities, both in honour, patriotism, and self-sacrifice mean. lectures and to individuals personally. You will always find a ready response, which will one day stand you in good stead; and, what is more important still, will stand England and the Empire in good stead.
1151 Genenl Con Casino Falace Hotel Poct said tomorrow at Le Colonel Daver Marliage taken place 1130 Frotertand Church Ismailia. Monash rob 14 44 1210
RESUEES WF EEAMINARTON AEEDPYATL BIVIVEACAIVO M a plS. WO O 1 NAME. STRIPPING. POTS NOL 12. MOTTON MARES! INST CHENISM. 13in.) 28th Pattarton. Meutenant; Walbach. 23tn. 85 70 3108 13th. Corporal,, Forteous. 95 Frivate. Mo Lennan. :13th. 1784 65 3144 13th. FALED 1413 Thompson.H. 13th. 23t2. Thompson,G.A. 40 23t2. 3097 Mc Phail. Corish. :13th. 43 90 122s Heutenant, Cole.C.R.T. 2442 80 1228 14th. DCorporat) Antill. 24th. 1256 L(Corpora. Farnbank. 80 2054 24tn. Private Buckman. 85 24t2. Brasch. L(Corporal 3303 Dickson. Private :14th. 80 Smith,W.A. 24t2. Private. :24th. Private.) PerrYR. 28in Pettation. Lieutenant, McIntosh. 2512 80 2722 Private. Aberry. 256 80 Private Chevelling. :15th. 2388. Leslle. :15tn. 185 MrdoOk. 25t2 19 2562. 80 Wilson. 2698 180 25t2. Lambept. 3614 Crorthor. 2431 i5tn. 180 e 14 Batta Loutor 90 Potts: ,16th. 1353 Sergeant. Miler.E.J. 16tn. 2226 Copporal. 16th. Holland.E. Wilson.A.P. Private 26t2. 80 Turner.G.H. 3839 16th. 1351 Dowlins A.J. 26th 2642 1427 Spans. H.H. 3508 16th. Lester.T.P. 80 - Enecllent 25. Mankes (posselil) 100; Very good 20 Good 157: Hail nil ELLLLE JIAF 284C. 145 FALLED RUCTORS; INS. TORS. SED AS GUNHER AND NECHANIC.
17/5/16 Yrom Capt. B. Yeasdat Smith Brigade Majon I herewith beg to submit my report. I wish to draw attention to the following break agco which I consider unncual for the amount of firing- 2500 rounds per gun. 13 Bn. 3 broken extractors 14 In broken extractors 15 Br broken extractor& 1 I weakined exteactors I have noticed that much of the Mark &11 ammunition has a thickened him, & tou inclued to think that with many extractors the tempering of the spring steel of the extractors i at Jault. unless spare part are supplied from a base in France, the guns would soon be useliss as only 4 estractors (spare) are supplica with each Lewys you making a lotal of 6. a recommendation that certain paits that an Younde to be weakist an supplied to ordrance you issue would meet the case.
S H.B. whem the eatractors broke consul examination Jailea to revial any bard extraction, bulged case, priction, or foul chamber. although much M.K. VI was used, the breakags omouria in each tase with mk. va. Owing to Journnate range conditions we were enabled to to do 3 field practices. Pai of course ignowant of the of tactical handling of this gine accidea on by the Authorities. on by Lyn Monach If they are hintende to be a pait of the pring line in an advance, & so reach the trench immediately behand the bayonet, most of the field straining of the Section -bedone would I think require to with the infanty, & each would require to understand then responsibility to the other & thii integeal interest & indivibility The nearest infantrymen would pirk up a gin without a cnew + carry not forward the chief thing being to pet the for to the much where resirvegment would be found & the yon put into

16/5/16
Conference with C.O's
Slackness of discipline
Noise after Lights out  ]   Capt of Day
do before Reveille  ]
Bugle calls in Camp
Bugle practices
Punctuality of parties - often too early.
Hot weather - parade in heat - Med. advice.
16th Bn - withdrawal of Signallers'
 

 

16/5/16
OPINION OF CONFIRMING AUTHORITY
I am of opinion that I should withhold confirmation of the finding
and sentence in this case; but before giving effect to this opinion
I refer the case for the favour of a ruling by the D.J.A.G.
The Filed General Court Martial having found the accused not
guilty on the second (alternative) charge, of perjury it is unnecessary
to deal with same of any length.  But in my opinion there was
nothing in the summary of evidence against Segeant Forde to justify
the laying of such a charge.  Perjury consists in swearing to that
which is known or believed to be untrue.  For a man to swear "I am
not in a position to say if he was drunk or not" amounts merely to
a refusal to swear on a matter of opinion or belief.
As to the first charge, it is admitted and proved that the
words charged were used by the accused, ut there is nothing to
shew that the use of the words was to the prejudice of good order
and discipline.  On the contrary, two other N.C.O's entertained the
same belief as the accused, and it subsequently appeared that Capt.
Woollard A.A.M.C. "had no doubt in his own mind that he (Cpl. Cooper)
was very drunk".  It cannot be to the prejudice of good order and
discipline for an N.C.O to make a statement involving an expression
of belief which appears to have been well founded and shared by
others.
On the whole merits, it is unfortunate that there should have
been a breakdown of the case against Cpl. Cooper, but this is not
the fault of the accused Sergt. Forde.  In his defence he is perfectly
frank as to the reasons which actuated him in declining to repeat
on oath what he had previously stated; and those reasons disclose
no vestige of mala fides. But even if he could be held to have
committed an offence in refusing to repeat on oath his former statement,
this is an offence with which he was not charged.
BRIG-GENL.
for G.O.C. 4th. Aust. Division.
 

 

Serapeum
16/5/16.
If the Argus would like to make use of the subjoined
there can be no possible objection from the Censorship
point of view. -
John Monash.
P.S.  The point of interest in the attached report, lies
only in this that our Australian public have very
little opportunity afforded to them of getting at first
hand any Knowledge of the very great work which has
been going on in the formation and training of her great
Army of Four Divisions - made up by the breaking up
of the ^Four Veteran Brigades, & distributing them among the
new formations. -
JM.
The Fourth Division
Upon the formation of the Fourth Australian Division
the commander Major General Sir H. V. Cox called
together all the officers of the Division, and delivered
an address as an introduction to the War Training
of the Division. - At the conclusion of his
remarks he called upon Brigadier General Monash,
Commander of the Fourth Brigade, as the senior Australian
officer of the Division, to also address the gathering.
 

 

General Monash said: -
The General has asked me to add some remarks, and I feel sure
that he would desire that, in doing so, I should apply myself to
one or two themes other than those touched upon by him in the 
convincing and stimulating address to which we have listened.  And this I
shall endeavour to do.
 


 

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