Notebook of Gerard Henderson Cowan - Part 5

NOTES
Duties of Signaller in Charge or I/c
RD Rigid Discipline
T Talking. = no unnecessary talking
A Attempts = Attempts to pickup
a distant stn must be
kept up till answered
P Persons = No unorthorized person or
persons are allowed to
come within the vicinity
of the Station
M Moves = A Stn must not move
without first advising
all stns it is in communication
with. if possible
the direction they are
going should be indicated
U Understand must understand the
secret nature of his work
and not disclose anything
D Diary  Each permanant stn keeps
a diary. Entering up all stns
they are in communication with
visibility a casulties etc
S Signal Officer. Must take steps to see that 

Sender's Duties Conld -
III If he is in doubt regarding
any word he will say to the
Caller ''After" or if he wishes
a word to be spelt out to him
he will say "Spell"
Duties of the Answer Reader
I He will keep his attention
constantly on the distant
stn
II On seeing the General
answer made he will
call out "answered", so
that the Sender may hear
him and understand that
he may proceed to send
the next word
III He will at once report
all signals made by the
distant Stn and will read
all check letters as they are
sent to the Caller so that the
latter may compare the same with
the form 

Duties on a Receiving Terminal
On a terminal there are three
men Viz - -
I Reader
II Writer
III Answerer
The Writer
Is always in the centre with
his back to the sending stn.
and the reader and answerer
on opposite sides of him
Reader's Duties
I Are, to read all signals made
by the distant stn: and must
keep his eyes constantly on it
so no signal will escape his
notice
II He will read each signal or
letter as he sees it and not
in its entirity
III Directly he sees the flag lowered
from the ready or the light 

Duties on a Receiving Terminal
Obscured he will say "group"
to indicate the conclusion of
the word to the Writer
IV He will on no account take
on himself the duty of the
Writer by ordering the Answerer
to answer a group as omissions
and errors are almost certain
to result therefrom
V He must make no remarks
concerning the message
VI When necessary he will ask
for a call for better light
to be made
VII He will not quit the telescope
or take his eyes off the
distant Stn unti he is
releived
Writer's Duties
Are to write the message
as called out by the Reader 

Duties on a Receiving Terminal
On a C Form, taking a
duplicate carbon copy.
Each part being written in
its correct place in clear
running hand.
All single letters and groups
of single letters must
be written in block
without block sign being
sent
II He must take care that
the original copy is
written on the original
FORM
III On hearing "group" from
the Reader he will know
that the group or word is
concluded and will
if satisfied it is correct
order the answerer to
ans by saying "Yes" or
giving the check letters as the
case may be 

Duties on a Receiving Terminal
case may be
IV If he is not satisfied with
the word or group he will
make no remark, the
group will then be repeated
by the sending Station
V If a word or group is sent
three times it must be
accepted and answered
VI In DD DD messages he will
enter each word as received
and on conclusion of first
sending of the message
will deliver a copy to
the Addressee marked "First
Copy subject to correction"
the second copy is also
sent in marked "Second Copy
subject to correction.
After the final repetition
of the message a copy

Duties on a Receiving Terminal
will be delivered to the Addressee
marked "Copy as finally
received"
VII When satisfied that the
message is correct after
receiving "end of Message Signal"
(or at 50 word check) he will order
the answerer to send "Message
Correct signal"
VII If he is not satisfied he will
order "Flag up" or "Light up"
Th Answerer will then bring
his flag up to the ready or
expose his light or disc.
The writer will then look
through the message and
order the Answerer to
Send the necessary signals
for any Corrections required,
and when message is correct
he will order "Message Correct" 

Duties on a Receiving Terminal
to be sent
IX As soon as message
correct signal is answered
he will fill in the - Received Column
X The Writer is responsible for
the receiving of the message
Duties of the Answerer
I He takes all his orders from
the Writer. He sends exactly
as the Writer tells him to
II He waits, at the prepare
to signal, for orders from the
writer and keeps his
attention on his instrum
instrument
III He must not answer
any signal without
orders from the Writer 

Visual Transmitting Station
Usually consists of six men
in the following order
●
Receiving Side
{● Answerer
{● Reader
{● Writer
Sending Side
{● Caller
{● Answer reader
{● Sender
Where only five men are to
be had the caller I/c will do the
duties of both writer & Caller
thus - Rec side
{● answerer
{● Reader
{● Writer & Caller
Send- side
{● Answer reader
{● Sender
If only four men were available
one man would do answering
and reading but it would
depend upon the circumstancs
whether one man was to do
both duties in the Receiving
or sending side.
A Transmitting Station
can be worked with three men
but this is not advisable if 

Visual Transmitting Station
more can be of obtained
In transmitting a message
the Prefix and Station Call
will be sent together thus -
XMKB. -  Suppose the
Stn YA is sending a message
to KB transmitted through
YB. (YA ------- YB ------ KB
The prefix YB would receive
would be XM with stn call KB
thus XMXB but when YB transmitts
to KB they would only
the prefix SM as the message
is for delivery at KB.
Where Check letters have
to be sent the writer will
not tell the caller what
he has received until sure
the correct check letters
have been sent 

Calling up Stations
Method of Obtaining Communication
with - I Known Stns
II Unknown Stns
I Obtaining Communication Known Stn
For instance ZC to get into
communication with known
Stn YD, will send YD until
it is answeredd by itself.
as soon as answered ZC
will acknowledge by General
answer and then send
their own call ZC which
is acknowledged by Gen Ans
from YD. YD will then send
G when ready and ZC will
carry on with the message
Unknown Station
In the Case of ZC Calling
up an unknown Station
ZC would first send the