Diary of Oberlin Herbert Gray, May to August 1915 - Part 3

struggling for breath on way down - could do nothing 
for him, just put him in the shelter
to die - many shells roared along the hill tops
& burst along shore - one killed some mullet
which were soon appropriated. The Chaplain is
a fine man, not below him to carry a Kerosene
tin of water up hill - he passed a letter for A. Em.
24 June Heavy firing during night, from land
& water - flash & explosions of bombs from firing
line. During the morning the Turks dropped
shells from Olive Grove near the Newmarket
& boat - 3 in front & one to rear & one on to
her as she moved away. Guns enfilading bea
beach & also from O. Grove - Very warm - nothing
on in aft. so went down to shore & had a
good swim - There is a certain amt of danger
in the water, but not many casualties have
actually occurred in the water & the benefits
far outweigh the risk - However a shell burst
over the shore while I was in & struck a
lot - 16 wounded & 2 killed. Some were in water
one thro' nose, lost a great amt blood. I lost no
time & cut my foot rather badly getting out, was
dressed at 4 Field Amb. - In evening a party
was working on next hill, & a stray bullet hit
one. The 6" howitzer firing in evening, also
mtn batteries, (Indian) - 3 Howitzers of City of
Glasgow Field Art. landed in afternoon -
one of the Scotchmen hit thro' shoulder on beach
25. Very pleased to get letter from Aunt E 21/5/15. & papers
Had to rest my foot to-day, had it dressed twice
Warm. Sky flecked with fleecy clouds. - A number of
shells passed above us & fell on Shore, Turks have
got the range only too well. A large no. of troops to
arrive shortly, tracks being made for them all round
the hills. A letter & paper from Aunt E Some Shells fell
not far from our camp - a call for help - Ted & I went
down with stretcher - Went to beach for water
an aeroplane flew overhead & dropped some papers up
near the firing - on Turk. Shell fired at her altho'
we hear she is a German & gives us terms for
surrender- Guns from Olive Grove dropping shells
near a fleet sweeper - 11 patients in night - Turks
26 threw a bomb in trench from mortar & got 8. - one of
the Turk. saps blown up with 100 lb of gun-cotton -
Had 9 patients in morning & 4 in aft. one badly wd.
a bomb was thrown in the the trench & this chap threw
his pack on it before it burst, & saved more damage
he was hit in side, back & foot. Had to halt in trench
near beach, shells were sweeping the beach & near
Hospital - some bursting over where we stood with a
terrific reports - lyddite - Fred Nicholson came up to where
we were stationed & had a chat - back to camp by 7.
Sun sets at 7.45 now - days very warm - destroyers close
in to shore firing. A letter from F. on return- paper dropt
by Germ. aeroplane states that we had better Surrender
as we only landed under the fire from navy, the Triumph
& Majestic have been sunk under our noses, the navy
has deserted us - Subs have cut off supplies from ls s.
we haven't advanced an inch. & they have plenty
of food & ammn.
27 Had foot dressed it's getting on, Issue of bread.
About 5 AM heavy burst of rifle & machine gun
fire also artillery - 4 shells burst near us - others
round the hills, heavy firing until 6. - Shells falling
near fleet sweepers & boats in bay, one hit - glorious
day - Maidos set afire 2 days ago. a heavy smoke
rising in the East. A Greek Sergeant gave him
self up. I saw Fred Nich for ½ hr - went down to
beach for water, 3 or 4 shells fell & did a lot of damage
one killed & 6 wounded not far from Station. I lent
a hand for awhile - one poor chap with his foot blown
off & leg terribly wounded - another wounded badly in
body - calling out for water & throwing himself about
in agony - Another water boat sunk - a shell gone
into one of tanks, so went along beach to NZ tanks
Two bodies in mortuary waiting to be identified - one
was in evening
28 Up at 4.30 to carry water for camp, safer than afternoon
- go up gully to pump - breakfast 7 AM. A number
of transports & destroyers seen crossing from ls. to Gaba
Tepe & troops landing - A heavy fire from Sth. explosions
& shell fire in view & ships, all, along horizon - A destroyer
came up from Sth, was met by a pinnace & then retd
10 or 12 shells fired at her from Olive Grove fell fairly
close - they then turned their fire on 2 trawlers which
moved away - A German aeroplane flying over
went off to East - the howitzer near us firing a
lot - they quickly covered her up with boughs when
the aeroplane came by again. It tears up big
masses of earth when bursts - Some heavy rifle firing
along front throughout day. Another hospital 

ship changed in night - A big engagement going
on towards Cape Helles - Monitor & destroyers in bay
firing - quiet round our camp until a shell burst
above & showered the gully with shrapnel, a fragment
of shell came slap on the blanket I was sitting on
& rebounded & hit me on back, made a hole in
blanket - several shells came fairly close - An attack
on the left flank which developed more than they
wanted; they wanted to prevent reinforcements going
to Cape Helles where there is a big attack - On the
right flank an attack took place, the officers of
5^th L. Horse were all wounded & 50% men lost, the men
were too exited to stop & charged on 300 yds beyond
where they should - the gunboat sent 9 shells among
them & killed & wounded about 100 - 280 casualties
up to 7 PM. The men dug themselves in close to Turks, &
were then ordered to retreat, they lost coming back.
One of our howitzers put a shell into HdQrs of 11^th Bn
no one hurt, as they had been doubtful & told them to
clear out - On first landing a great many of our
men were knocked out by naval guns - 100 men
were k. & wd by a shell from Queen Eliz.- Out
until 9 PM -
29 1½ eggs for breakfast, made some porridge from biscuits
Heavy firing from Sth all day - French & British
have advanced 1000 yds - naval guns firing heavily
all night - Strong wind & high tide which made
a big mess on beach seaweed banked up - jetties
washed away, & pontoon boats stranded along shore
A big quantity of earth washed away & stores covered
with silt - Too rough for wounded to go off, waited
till morning. new shelters dug out of cliff for wd. to
wait in - heavy firing at night along entire front
& continual booming from Sth. 1000 troops embarked
fleet sweepers we hear "for a rest at Embros -
30 Turks charged last night near Quinns Post - lost
heavily - a few prisoners taken. A poor fellow
dying in shelter on beach - terribly wd in head
very warm - a biplane flying round in morning
quiet afternoon - Another biplane flying in evening
up for a long time - over firing line & bay, shelled
by Turks - they get the shells a great height
in the air - Vic Devine sent away ill - Rough
on beach - Heavy banks of clouds to West &
vivid flashes of lightning all round horizon
Down to beach for swim at 9 PM. - Very 
refreshing. Heavy thunderstorm about 10 - heavy
downpour but soon passed over - Out at 5 next morn
to get water. Turks threw 8 or 10 shells over on
beach extra early about 6. AM. Hear that there
1. July are large nos of chaps in Alexandria recovered
from wounds & don't want to come back, they
are put to loading boats - Clearing Hospital on
beach moved to new position in shelter under cliff.
various fatigues - fetching stores from beach - for Hospital
& our rations. - Keeping camp clean - taking patients
from 3^rd F.A. Hospital etc. we take turns at this
2 July Booming from South - dull - rain threatening
Several Shells dropped in camp while I was
carrying patients on shore & 2 or 3 burst about dinner
time, a chap just below me hit - 3 Letters - 2 Home
& one Tom - 2 Officers wd on left flank, another Hospital
Ship in - Warm afternoon but rain in night
3 July A Hospital Ship gone to Alexandria - warm
after wet morning - Quiet from trenches
Shells passing over us from East -  & falling on shore
& in water - aimed at barges. The hills are getting
denuded of big wood - taken for firewood. 3 or 4
6" Howitzer Shells passed overhead near the firing line -
the base of one hit the hill just above us - massive
lump of iron - During the night destroyers were firing
could see the flashes behind the hills, came on to
rain heavily - I was asleep in the open, so had to shift
& coiled up under a bank in the only dugout vacant
with my wp. sheet over me. Have caught a cold
4 July Sunday On Friday a kite was sent up over
the Turk lines with a lot of papers attached -
which were dropped - Hear that they were to say
that big Austn reinforcements arrive shortly etc.
Recd 3 papers from Eng. - In one a story of a German Spy who was
private Sec. to Sir John Rowntree - Church Service on
our hill a simple talk on "Knock & it shall be opened
unto you - a very pretty sunset
5 July The six" howitzer firing early. Had some shocks
in the morning - shells from the the biggest howitzer yet
fired on us here, reckoned at least 11" - the first 4 burst
in the water sending up biggest clouds of water I
have ever seen - 5^th burst near the Indian transport
camp 100 yds away tore a huge hole & raised a
cloud of thick dust & smoke - awful. Sent pieces
of earth etc well out to sea - Next 6 burst

(concussion) on hill & shore. Heard Len Hawkins is
missing since first day - On Sunday a Fch.
transport was sunk at C. Helles by a Germ. submarine
Six lives were lost - A Turkish shell exploded
an ammunition depot behind one of the French
lines - Heard no casualties. - Rain threatng at night
6 July A few drops of rain in night. Hole the big
shell made was 12 ft long 7 or 8 wide & 2 ft deep
Saw a shell drop a few yds from a destroyer. She
had come fairly close in, & didnt lose any time
in getting out. - Saw the massive base of this shell
11-2 in when up the gully. Was about 60 yds off
when a 6" shell crashed into a kitchen - sent
things flying, another knocked in a trench &
gave us 3 patients - a bomb fell in the trenches
3^rd Bn & cut up one poor chap, he bore it
bravely - 3 were hit by same shell - very seldom
Turks get a bomb into trenches - They dropped
one of their big shells into their own trenches
& 2 behind - Fairly quiet - Down on beach in
7 July evening to get Water - Turks dropped
a shell close to head of Watson Pier - chaps in
swimming had narrow escapes - one was well
out - 2 Pinnaces just leaving - another shell folld
& hit where a swimmer had been a minute before
2 more shells folld in a min. or 2. Unusual 
for Turks to shell shore so late as 8.30.- Shell
blew in a trench & injured 14 - Heard from a
1^st A C. Hosp man that 1000 sick & wd. are leaving
a week? - An artillery duel in morning - no casualties
8^th July in our quarter. Another lot of heavy firing
in afternoon. About 6.30 saw a quantity of smoke
arising from water to W. & drifting along surface.
2 destroyers made haste to spot, & cruised around
awhile then cleared out. Heard (?) it was a
trap for submarines -
9 July Hear we are to move in 2 wks, Aft. off
Went over to 12^th Bn. & along 100s of yds of
Saps - some underground to Tasmanian Post
where I found several chaps I knew - Had
yarn with Fred Nicholson - Saw field of
barley ready to cut - Barb wire entanglements
among it - Seemed very close to Kilid Bahr Olive
Grove & Achi Baba - Saw some of Runic boys.
Owing to someone taking rations, the hampers placed near
Hospital & put under guard
10 July Bombardment to Sth continues throughout
day - & Lord Nelson heavily bombarded Kilid Bahr hill
She stood off mile or so & put scores of shells in 12" or
could see huge clouds of smoke & dust go up - artillery
from Olive Grove throwing shrapnell - saw it bursting
all round her but she ignored it - 7 destroyers were
racing round back & forth on look-out for submarines
Guns on right wing started firing on Olive Grove &
they retd some - Saw one hit the Lord Nelson - Monoplane
flying round in evening- shelled & fired at by
machine gun - baloon up also - very warm -
11 July Sun  A Sap blown in at night, of 11 men 9 wounded 1
killed & one escaped - Only three patients all day - a Colonel
who had just retd from a bullet wound, broke his
thigh in same spot. 2 in aft. Another wounded in evening, fairly
quiet all day - Some shelling in afternoon - Water is being
laid onto beach from up Shrapnel Gully - difficulty in
getting sufficient water- About 7 PM a cruiser which
had come in close, bombarded to the left flank, it
was hell for a while - put in 60 or more shots - 4 & 5 at
a time, deafening reports, then echoes nearly as loud
& then explosion of shell from beyond the firing line,
the baloon was up from a ship not far out observing
& they were signalling to the cruiser - 3 destroyers
were dodging round her on lookout for submarines & further
out were more destroyers - Turks were dropping shells
round her till it was too hot for her & she made off
several shells dropping in her wake, The hospital
ship had to move for a time, out of range. At 7 45
a Church Service near the Hospital.
12 July A heavy artillery duel on left flank during
morning - The Indian Mtn batteries & others
& heavy machine gun fire. hear it is to prevent reinforcem
going Sth to Cape Helles. An attack was made by us &
Turks drove them out with hand grenades, many
wounded - they bear it bravely! poor fellows working
near Quinns Post, the hills are frightfully steep
go up by steep steps cut in ground - the wounded
do like a cig. to smoke, going round one
corner - a shell burst & showered all around us
& no one hit, the chap carried was hit in several
places by grenade, the rest station on beach
full up with wounded, on return in afternoon
a fine mail - 7 letters & paper- (& 3 letters, in all)
Towards South, at Cape Tepe a heavy bombardment
going on - Can see shells & shrapnel burstg.

all over the hill. Hear they have got to take Gaba
Tepe to-day at any cost & action up here is to keep reinforcements
from being sent down Sth – Heavy firing
in evening & thro' night - Out at 4.30 to carry water
13 July Have all kinds receptacles - oil tins - Shell aeroplane
oil tins - round water tins, canvas bags etc. Had
a fine swim last night about 10 - Sanitary duty
in morning a nice cool breeze. Returning to camp for
dinner a shell passed overhead & burst on beach.
The guns at Olive Grove have accounted for a
great many - A destroyer was shelling at Gaba
Tepe at reinforcements (?) Heard Eng have advanced
150 & French 200 yds along entire front & that Ian Hamilton
says that Dardanells must be forced as soon possible
Sanitary duty near 3^rd Bde. Have to see that the water
supply is not fouled – Pipes being laid up there
for conveying distilled water from beach.
14 July issue of rice & gold syrup ¼lb instead of cheese
first change we've had in diet - Fatty J. very crook
has got influenza & dysentery & has lost 2 Stone or more.
Heavy firing on left flank & coming up from Sth.
Courtmartial of 3 or 4 of our men - The rations had
been taken from panniers so put under a guard - recently &
last night the guard was seen taking them. Hospital
Ship came in & the one here left. An aeroplane was
flying round towards evening - she dropped a bomb
over the Turks lines, saw the big cloud of dust
rise up above the hills, then Shrapnel was fired at
her & went off to East - The cloudless sky soon
had 12 or 14 puffs of wht smoke which drifted &
spread - After sunset 7.30 now - went to beach for
water - a shell passed over me & fell on a barge near
shore with 40 chaps on - swimming - 4 hit - one had
his foot blown off nearly -  Another, a captain, had both
legs blown off at Knees - the hospital looked like a
butcher's shop! War is HELL!! one of our chaps carried
him in, had stopped bleeding. About 9.30 a destroyer
flashed a searchlight up onto the left flank & then
commenced firing on the Turk. trenches
15. Fatty J. sent to Lemnos, he got very weak, his
past few years have not fitted him to stand
"the simple life". I'm sure drink has a lot to do
with weakening a man's Constitution - Heavy
firing during day - Two aeroplanes up in
morning attracted much Shrapnel - Saw
20 puffs of white smoke cloud in sky - 
Field Amb. to parade for a roll call every day. -
"to be properly shaved & hair cut short" warning
about obscene & blasphemous language among
many of troops. it is needed, a number of big
tanks on beach & piles landed for new jetty.
Anzac - Aust. New Zealand Army Corps - Major Butler
from Tas & some of nursing staff came from the
Newmarket - there are 30000 troops at Lemnos.
warships & 26 monitors there & at Malta, rumours of
big move shortly - Very deaf in my left ear-. got
16 July some oil for it. - Saw big shells falling near
trenches on left from Scotch Artillery -
a number of shells fell on beach, from NthE &
S.E. - Monitor firing on Turkish trenches to
East-. Saw a motor boat travelling about 30 Knots
bringing despatch in & returning - her bow was
right out of water. Several warships on sky-line
going up into Gulf of Saros. Up at 4.30 for water
& going all day - Moving Medical Stores in morning
& at night up to 10.30. A German taube over
17 July us early in morning - dropped 2 bombs
one 250 yds from us. Inoculated against
cholera in evening by Dr Butler. Paid in notes crossed
in Greek letters - Drew 10/- - Overseas Club gift
of tobacco & notepaper - 2 oz cigs or & 4 env & paper.
a piece of shell dropped 5 or 6 yds from where we
we were being inoculated. - Water scarce - not enough
supply in pumps - condenser not yet going - One
of 3 FA gets DCM & a glass of whisky from the
Colonel - Great many mules about - conveying 4
extra days stores to diff units -  Heavy firing
to Sth continued throughout night.
18 July Sun  A large shell dropped 10 yds from my
dugout, 6" - made hole 4ft deep & 12ft across
Knocked in several dugouts & nearly buried a chap
another fell in gully not far from howitzer & one near Tommies
camp in next gully, showered earth over next hill to
2^nd Field Amb where I was at time - Mail in, 2 letters &
paper - one patient at night, a number of big shells
fell round trenches during day. Stretcher drill in
mornings for ½ hr - Notice that an attack from
19 Turks is expected at any time - also gas expected
Helmets & respirators given to every man, to be
always carried about - Off in afternoon - went
to Beach for water & a Swim - water splendid -
a number of vessels on sky line, destroyers etc.
A torpedo boat in bay. 4. 9" shells fell in next
gully, huge clouds of dust & earth raised & some
tremendous holes made. On guard at night
over medical boxes & stores - 6" howitzer near us
fired 3 times but missed. Continual rifle

fire through night & boom of artillery from Sth.
A destroyer near Cape to NW, using searchlight at
intervals during night. At 10 PM. a cruiser fired
several shells to S E. A good many stray bullets
from trenches dropping in camp. - A number of big
tanks landed on beach & hauled up Shrapnel
Gully - H Rogers came in my dugout
20. Heavy firing from C Helles - Achi Baba is very
strongly fortified. An aeroplane dropped bomb on
Turkish lines, fairly quiet - Stores being taken up
all round hills & covered with bushes - everything
possible is covered in this manner to prevent being
seen by aeroplanes - Stores - iron rations - bully beef &
biscuits, put up in 2 days rations per man ready for
marching - roll call after tea.
21 A piece of 6" shell fell 2 yds away from 4 chaps
near the cookhouse - aeroplanes. up during day
& one flying round all evening - saw Fred
Nicholsen & heard to my great astonishment
that Arth & Joe Thorp are leaving for Eng. to join
Ambulance Unit - Had no idea of his thinking
of it until a week ago heard he was attndg First
Aid lectures - Good boy Arth - wish I was with
you but I feel I did right in coming when I did -
I only hope I have an opportunity of seeing Eng
before my return - Hear there is to be an attack
in 2 days.- 20 batteries of English "Tommies" in
different places - 5 not far from us - 5" howitz
commenced working this afternoon - Condenser
engine being fixed up on beach & tanks in
places in gullies & on position near beach.
Heavy firing all last night from Achi Baba.
Heard that Keogh has been sent back to Aust. The
wounded sent to Egypt are not recovering as they
ought owing to heat - Near the centre firing line
saw several bombs go up from mortars. Dreamt
22. of Home & back at School again. The nights
are warm - one needs only a blanket & lie down
on W.P Sheet, with water bottle for pillow. Word
passed round, that an attack is expected from Turks
to morrow - their Constitution Day - expected that
they will deliver a heavy bombardment first &
also use gases - A counter attack will be
made in this event 20000 troops here according
to paper - On duty in the field to morrow, very
warm - nights getting cooler - shrapnel falling
near us in morning. -  I wonder what will
be the end of all this horror & bloodshed -
There are some very nice chaps just come
among the Tassies. -
23 Howitzers firing till far into the night all B
Section out for night & all C to day. the attack.
did not come off, altho a number were wounded &
4 killed I saw this morning 3 were shot in mistake
by their comrades & at least one killed, they were
in a sap  ?   a big no. of shells flying about all
day, every gun has 1000 rounds - Hear that Turks
are retreating from Achi Baba- A call for "Stretcher 
as we were sitting in a hollow eating lunch - bread
& cheese & tea - saw in Daily Sketch picture of
Percy Baker & Irene Noel of F. Amb. Unit. I was
just opposite when a Turkish bomb fell, 30 yds off
10ft above a dug out in which were several F. Amb.
chaps - It exploded about ½ min. later. A little
later a shell burst not far off & a piece fell, a foot or
2 behind me - Later a bomb burst on side of next
hill sending up a huge cloud of dirt & just before
we were relieved a howitzer shell burst on the next
slope fortunately hit no one - 
24 A number wd on beach - a great deal of Shell
fire, 3 mules killed near Indian Camp, howitzers
were firing during last night - Turks sent over
some shells late in evening onto beach. A lot
of shell firing near trenches - 12 casualties at night in
our quarter - mostly shells & bombs.
25 Sunday Very warm - fairly quiet. A big blk destroyer
moving about in bay - over at 2^nd Field Amb in
afternoon - Shells flying about pretty freely - Church
Service at night almost everyone in 3^rd F Amb &
one chap came over from 2^nd a rather nice Service
from Ex. passing of Israel thro' Mara - Later the
Colonel announced his departure for Egypt. Had
a patient later from up the next hill. 16 wounded
on the beach yesterday with one shell from Olive Grove
4 to day - The beach is shelled every day regularly
26 2 wounded on beach before breakfast. Had a
walking patient hit thro' hand & thumb - Very
warm so had a plunge before returning - Splendid
in the water. - Just back & had a stretcher patient
his leg broken with a fall of earth, shell blew in
trench, weighed, 14 Stone - Boiled billy on return
& had lunch of beef & biscuit - Stray blackberries
among hills & found a few berries– Just 6 mos. ago
had a feed of them in Tas. One of our chaps,
has just lost his father & had left £15,000. A big
shell burst down the gully from where we were.
Soon a call from 4 Bn & other Squad went
Another big shell came hurtling thro' air &
burst near pump - a call & Ted got his bag
I picked up a stretcher & we were soon there 

The guard on the pump he was & was terribly
wounded, chiefly in head- a big shell 2½" thick &
high concussion it had hurled him yards. We
quickly dressed him & hurried him down to Hospital but
he died on the way, another as soon as we retd
& then one to 3 FA Hosp. Two more patients on return - 
One of 3^rd F Amb chaps wounded with piece of shell in
the dugout near trenches this morning. Tea at
7 on return & after inoculated for cholera. 
Had a refreshing dip in the moonlight - The
lagoon to Nth near Suva Bay is dried up -
white with salt. It will fill after equinochals
27 Great deal of shelling - 6" & 5" howitzers near
us & other batteries. Turks sent many shells
& bombs over- one of our fellows hit in hand
saw Fred Nich & learnt that Arthur left Tas
on 16 July - Saw Norman Duke. Troops landing
during night, the Turks had got to know & I woke
with the sound of Shells passing overhead onto beach.
I dont think they did damage - Several shells
burst near us during evening - one fell near our
dugout & a piece went in dugout just above. Hear
that Sweeney has gone back to Aust. with returning
wounded- A & P got transfers from the Clearing
Hospital, afraid to come here & CV has 12 mths
detention for refusing duty. About 1500 sick &
wd. are leaving each week from Austns. only - Strong
rumours of being relieved shortly. Gault left wd
28 3 of our amb. left. A considerable amt
of dysentry etc - 3 of our amb. retd who
had been wounded first day, also several reinforcements
- Norton whom we had left at Claremont
he had been 9 wks at Heliopolis. Out at 4 AM
to carry water, bright moonlight & the dawn coming
Heavy firing from trenches. Had over a score of
sick patients to assist to Clearing Hospital -
4 shells burst near track with terrific force,
not long after we had passed - Only wd. one
A big mail in - helped carry 2 heavy bags up, rewd
by 5 letters 6 pcs & 2 papers. So Arthur has left,
they will miss him & Joe - I do hope Tom does
not make any step for coming, it would do him
harm I am sure- I've seen more than one
harmed by the associations through being too
young. Late afternoon some 8" or more shells
were sent over, 5 burst within [[Lot?]] yds, one
fell into the dry creek bed where the 6" howitzer
is & only 5 or 6 yds from the gun-. The shell.
was 1" thick & sent things flying - 4
chaps wounded in gun pit - Stretchers & a
doctor were soon on the spot - Soon after another
fell about 10 yds, further off, set bushes alight, hurled
a big piece of timber up in the air. 2 out of 8 or 9
didn't explode- the 6" howitzer and been firing
& also the 5" guns nearer shore, they kept on till
dark. A destroyer was using a searchlight &
firing at intervals -
29  Fairly quiet, with desultory rifle shots from trenches - guns from Olive Grove
shelling beach, only wood to get in morning &
water from Shrapnel Gully. - 5" howitzers firing a
lot in evening - Roll call at 7.  sun sets before 7 30
now - it disappears behind Samathrace, slowly
climbing to summit. The aeroplane flying round
above harbor - Suddenly a German Taube appeared
from NW. flew towards Hd Qrs & dropped a bomb
which exploded in water near left flank - flew
over Hd Qrs & over us, dropped another bomb which
failed to explode near battery, rifle fire was turned
on it but it kept on & seemed to volplane down
till it fell behind hills. Eng aeroplane kept flying
round for a long time. it was fired at
several times by shells - Some heavy firing during
night. The Turks mined a sap & wounded 5 & killed
3 at 4 o'c this morning, soon after a Turk. Sap was
30 mined. About 5 the German taube flew over
& round Hd Qrs etc. & looped the loop twice, he was
pretty bold. Quiet during middle of day, had some
cases on beach. A Fch .75 burst near Hospital, it
was captured by Germans & sent here. one chap a few
yds from me was hit. The taube flew over the
camp about 5 P.M. while an Eng aeroplane was flying
further Sth it was right over us & dropped 2
bombs which fell towards shore. Heavy firing from
Sth & a battleship in bay. Some big guns on beach
covered with boxes of meat etc. Had a good swim
water fine - 
31 Sat Out at 4 AM. heavy fusilade about 5 - The Taube
flew over a little later & dropped 3 bombs along
our trenches, also some darts. I saw one later, deadly
things it flew over Hd Qrs. & retd to their lines. Retd from
beach with a Stretcher & met Fred Nicholson, he came
back & got some papers - F. not well, not eating much
Harry Rogers, my dug out mate & I get on well, he
is an engineer, an English chap from Liverpool

We have some arguments. The chap in next
dugout are very nice fellows, all teetotalers - 2 from
Burnie - one from Training College. Water carrying
from beach in afternoon - Issued with bandages
&c in evening - have to make a pouch for them. Down
for swim about 9.PM. water luke warm nearly,
fine. Hear in a few days the monitors are going to
force the narrows & we will advance. Very heavy
rifle & m. qun fire about 10 & artillery fire through
the night. Shrapnell bursting over the camp.
A charge was made on the right wing & trench
taken - 23 Killed & 70 wounded- the night was
dull & cloudy. no visit from Taube. A Fch
1^st Aug aeroplane was flying round all evening -
right over us at times & could see the colr rings &
the propellor revolving with glasses. it dropped 2 bombs
Wrote home. The luxury of rice pudding
Sunday with currants in - total casualties of 23 kd
& 76 wd last night. Church Service at night.
A young fellow YMCA in the 4^th Fd Amb took the
text. Greater is he that ruleth his Spirit
than he that taketh a City
Later went down for water - well water - cold & good
At 6 a thrilling aerial episode, an Eng. aeroplane
appeared from the Sth & after flying round some
time a German taube appeared over the hills & flew
towards it -  The taube was much higher & before
the other could rise, it got up to & passed above
firing at it  The taube then descended & the other
made a turn & went for it. The taube swiftly flew
towards the Turk lines & kept on till out of sight
Saw the Eng. rise higher & it flew round for some
time later.
2 Aug. Out at night from 6 P.M. a good many bombs
& shells fell round - had a narrow esc with
a bomb it burst opp. & sent a piece a few yds off
One rather badly wd a major, fairly quiet night
had a few patients -  The taube flew over us on
our way up, just like a hawk with a fish shd
& all - it dropped 2 bombs - & B Section digging a
3 Aug. dressing station on side of a hill
near 3^rd Bde - Back at 8 o'c had breakfast
& then up near 11^th Bn digging dressing stn
The taube was round again this morning &
dropped a bomb near the Hospital Ship. Our
hospital has the the red + flags on top of the
wards for airmen to see. Shells flying round
back & forth over us, a new place & can't tell yet
which way they come- a great many passed over
towards the beach, a pinnace was sunk near the jetty
Very hot noon, went for a swim, & did some washing
A company of Ghurkas arrived this morning - Heavy
firing onto Achi Baba, great clouds of smoke
& dust rising up - An "unsinkable cruiser & the
monitor cruising round. About 4.30 the aeroplane
flying round, shelled by Turks went right over their
lines - Went up to new station digging after tea
sandbags & iron taken back for rest Stn. Beach
being shelled through night Turks had. got to hear of
coming of fresh troops - In the morning troops were
on many of the hillsides, bivouacing - Welsh Bord.
Wiltshires, all from Eng.  4 or 50000 of them- Out
4 Aug  at 5 30 for breakfast. Soon after the taube
appeared, dropped a bomb in Shrapnel Gully
& darts - flew over & dropped a bomb when
over us, it fell other side of hill - heard it
whirring down, taube disappeared to NE. Out
finishing dressing station in morning.
5 A number of Gurkhas landed in night also
some thousands of British troops - ASC
on beach taken over stores, a number of us
dragged a water tank up the hill from beach
to take to new station near 9^th Bn,  a number
of fleet sweepers lying in bay - Some changes in
Hospital on beach - Hard at it all day. & in
evening a dozen of us took the water Cart over the
hills to  new Stn, a very difficult job, one very
steep hill it nearly got away doing down. 1000s
of New "Tommies" just from Eng. bivouacing in
gullies on platforms cut out of hills, exposed to
shell fire - saw a gun being taken up the hills
with a team of 10 horses, Relieved at Dressing
Station & later went to another dressing Stn close to
firing line on right flank, stray bullets in plenty

& shrapnel passing over now & then - An observer
6 for artillery exposed himself over parapet. Shot thru
c. artery & died in a few minutes - fairly quiet
night, about 4 a heavy rifle fire broke out & soon
a hail of bullets & shrapnel was flying overhead.
The Turks attacked a trench ahead of Tasmania
Post & took half of it, a counter attack drove them 
out - I saw 3 prisoners later in day, dressed
in rags. Six had been captured at time & a 

shell burst among them & killed 3, an attack
made on left also many casualties, worked
until after 8 & then relieved. pieces of calico
sewn to sleeves as a distinguishing mark in
night. All through the day shells - shrapnel
lyddite etc bursting among hills, monitor
& cruiser firing, columns of smoke rising up
from Achi Baba had a refreshing swim,
after a rather nice Stew of bully b & dessicat
vegetables, the whole Section C turned out - 
took dressings, dixie, iron rations, gas helmet
& water bottle, & marched up to dressing Stn.
The Amb distributed at diff. posts, connectg
with Clearing Hospital on beach; Heavy artillery
fire - On beach this  morning, many trawlers in
Bay several 1000 troops landed in night &
a RAMC field amb, a pinnace sunk close
to one of jetties - Sikhs & Ghurkas landing about
7 AM & the Turks poured in a deadly fire
of high explosive shrapnel - several hit, one of
the pinnaces hit & hole torn in the
pier. Soon after 5 a fierce rifle fire broke
out on the right, shells & Shrapnel began
pouring all around. The taube had
been over in morning & couldnt helping
seeing the troops massed on hillsides -
Big 8" shells began dropping every few
min. at different spots in gully, tremendous
explosion, a huge cloud of smoke & dirt
flying in all directions, calls for stretchers
in diff. directions & wounded coming in in
a long stream from the firing line -
3 of us went for water for patients & had to
run the gauntlet, shrapnel falling every where
It was murder, blood & dust & broken limbs
in dozens of places. Dr Butler was hit in
stomach with a piece of shell very soon, he
had command of us - A dozen of our Amb.
men hit during the night & everyone had lots
of narrow escapes, For hours everyone hard at
it getting patients to beach. terrible wounds
some. others slight, every one who possibly
could walked, Saw big numbers of Eng.
troops moving - Shells bursting like volcanoes
Some of them failed to burst one fell in the slight
shelter where amb. men were, missed by a few ins
2 men & didn't burst providentially or it would
have wounded a dozen at least. it went aryd. in
At midnight we were feeling fairly tired, one of
the cooks came up & made us some tea about 
2 AM. & that put new life into most of us. At
times Star Shells would light the place up. Search
lights were flashing, naval guns booming
Heard that Aust. had taken 4 trenches on
right 20 prisoners came down during night -
poor fellows were groaning in agony, most were quiet
A big landing of troops on left at C. Siwa -
Dawn broke & disclosed cruisers, battleships
trawlers, 4 hospital ships & numbers of boats
in bay & on horizon - 3000 landed?. Shelling
was continued more fiercely, big holes where
shells had fallen, - Before daylight got
most of cases to beach - Scores & scores of
stretchers alone. At 5 took ½hr for break &
enjoyed biscuits bully b. & water, that kept us
going till we were relieved by 2 F Amb
at 9 o'c. Knocked out. Lost my watch -
Man is a product of nature. Nature is the great
ocean of intelligence in which we are bathed. It 
is the spirit of Life that is everywhere manifest.
The desire of Nature is to produce a seeing eye
& an understanding heart, & nature never yet
betrayed the heart that loved her - Elbert Hubbard
he went down with the Lusitania
Forests
A mass of evidence & opinions on subjects of forests in their
relation to rainfall & the conservation of moisture has
been collected by J H Maiden - Govt botanist. NSW. Vol IV .5
Forest Flora of NSW "Taking an extensive territory it 
appears to be indisputably proved that forests do not
increase rainfall, it is as fully well proved that
they conserve the rain that falls & therefore every effort shd
be made to save them from unnecessary destruction
Every day that is born into this world comes like
a burst of music, & rings itself all the day through
& thou shalt make of it a dance, a dirge -
or a life march as thou wilt T. Carlyle. 
Gallipoli Penina.  12/7/15  

He werent no Saint but judgement
Id run my chance with Jim
Longside some pr gentleman that
Wouldn't shake hands with him.
He saw his duty a dead sure thing
He went for it there & then
Christ aint going to be too hard
On a man who died for Men
Diagram - see original document
E.F  A.Em. A Alice  DB   Tom
Boys Home. Matron M.
Now what were the words of Jesus
and what would He pause & say
If we were to meet in home or street
The Lord of the World to-day?
Oh, I think He would pause, & say:
"Go on with your chosen labour;
Speak only good of your neighbour
Widen your farms, & lay down your arms
Or dig up the soil with each sabre
Now what were the answer of Jesus,
If we should ask for a creed
To carry us straight to the wonderful gate
When spirit from body is freed?
Oh, I think He would give us this creed
"Praise God whatever betide you
Cast joy on the lives beside you
Better the earth by growing in worth
With love as the law to guide you."
Now what were the answer of Jesus
If we should ask Him to tell
Of that last great goal of the homing Soul
Where each of us hopes to dwell?
Oh I think it is this He would tell:
"The Soul is the builder, then wake it
The mind is the Kingdom then take it
& thought upon thought let Eden be wrought
For Heaven will be what you make it
Dardanelles  11.6.15.   Ella Wheeler Wilcox.
I am glad to think
I am not bound to make the world go right
But only to discover & to do
With cheerful heart the thing that
God appoints
19/6/15 

[*AWM2018.666.1*]
[[?]] as he tried
Because he dont die you see
Yesterday he's got out of the light
Of morning - like you & me 
You cant 
We did a at. Haven't you heard tell
How greatly as passed us was at [[?]]
The night of the Houni Bell
A careless man was Jean
And an awkward hand on the sea
He never funked or never let be
be at I reckon just never know
& it was all the religion. I have
who to treat
Never to be passed over to me & you
& to mind the god bless us all
But all work on another day Then
& her day came at last
to make rest was a better task
But the Bell she would stay
She came bearing all that fight
The oldest crap in the fight
as if a nigger sitting
& her furnace returned
The fire burst out as she crossed the
& wasnt a hole in the night
When quick as a flash she turned up
stranded for the wide bank on the port
These was crossing [[?]]
But Jean rose red oust all over it
I ll hold her nozzle against that flame
Till the last soul gets chance
They all board [[?]]
wndness & [[?]]

as sure is yourself [[?]]
off before the [[?]]
& [[?]] alone
smoke of the [[?]]